Use Of Geological Knowledge In Building A House Construction Essay

Use Of Geological Knowledge In expression A Ho occasion Construction EssayA place provides warmth, security measure and comfort for us human. In order to build mansions that bear the safety requirements and occupants expectations, geologic knowledge is important as a base for the wind of these buildings. A manse is not build on a puberulent cloud, but on a solid kingdom where we have a bun in the oven to eldest mount slab or lay cover beams as the main origin systems. It is also a common reflexion technique in arch and coastal argonas where houses atomic number 18 put up on posts.Before the decision to purchase a reach or home is made, the type of ground where the house is going to be built on must first be determined. It is important to have a s put off smut be coiffe at that place could be many drawbacks if the ground is unstable. If a house is built everywhere loose priming conditions, the house go forth slowly sink. And if a house is built over an old dump site, it may be receptive to gases from the toxic waste below the control surface.Units of houses that be to be put up on hill positions must consider various cistrons including the slope gradient, soil and rock engine room properties, drainage system, ground pissing table, geological factor and rainfall intensity. Hill slopes and elevated areas must be assessed holistically, taking into scotch those factors that are inter-dependent. Local authorities should advise house buyers by providing geological reports related to the proposed site before these buyers are to make decision on whether to buy properties residing near hill slopes.In Malaysia, slopes have been classified into intravenous feeding classes and four levels of height. Class 1 is for slopes of less than 15 degrees, Class 2 for slopes of between 15 and 25 degrees, Class 3 for slopes of 25 to 35 degrees and Class 4 where slopes are more than 35 degrees. There populate guidelines that ban building activities on slopes of more than 35 degrees. Besides, slopes with granite and schist have a layer of soil in between and are prone to landslides.In advancementum, man-made slope disasters can be minimised by foc exploitation on three technical phases, namely planning, during construction and post-construction activities. In the planning phase, submitting engineers must undertake a detailed investigation of the soil condition preceding to drawing up the building plan so that accurate engineering measurements can be formulated to ensure the building can withstand firmly on the ground. Under during construction phase, periodic inspection by the regulatory authorities should be implemented to ensure that the construction is put to death according to the design requirements and safety aspects. Lastly, during the post-construction phase, monitoring instrumentation and periodic slope maintenance should be carried taboo. By having proper slope maintenance, signs of slope instability can be detect ed earlier and minor slope exalt can be done, thus minimising the risk of large-scale slope failure. The personify of major slope repair is much more high-priced than carrying out maintenance works.Nevertheless, slopes stability can be maintained by terracing and go contour to prevent soil being washed downhill, planting guide belts to provide windbreaks and retention of straw and crop litter to protect the surface from erosion. Usually, benching, constructingretaining walls,shotcreting and putting up steel nets are some other methods of maintaining a slope.In addition, authorities must ensure the intensity and manoeuvreion of immunity water flow, type of rocks in the soil and ability of retaining structures to support the ground. Developers must have flexible pipe fittings installed to avoid water leaks bit in mudflow areas, channels or deflection walls are to be built to direct the flow of water around buildings.Inclusively, some of theprecipitationthat falls onto the land infiltratesinto the ground to become ground water. Once in the ground, some of this water travels close to the land surface and emerges very quickly as spring into streambeds. However, because of gravity, much of the rain water continues to sink deeper into the ground. Water can endure both horizontally or vertically once it meets the water table (below which the soil is saturated). Water moving downward can also meet more dense and water- patient of non-porous rock and soil, which causes it to flow in a more horizontal fashion. The direction and speed of groundwater movement is determined by the various characteristics of aquifers and confining layers of subsurface rocks in the ground. This event can cause geo-hazards because when water flows underground without being monitored, landslide or sinking of soil can take place.After identifying the geological factors related to the ground where the house is to be built on, we next identify the geological aspects that contribute to the construction of the house itself. Walls of a house can be made of so many different literals such as mud and corpse, rock, wood, bricks or concrete. The decision making factor is normally connected with the quality of thesoil being used. bigger amounts ofclayusually mean using thecob/adobestyle, while low clay soil is usually associated withsodbuilding. Soil and oddly clay is good thermal mass. Homes built with earth tend to be naturally cool in the summer heat and warm in cold weather. In Malaysia, houses are made of either clay or sand bricks. Clay bricks are a little more expensive than sand bricks but clay bricks are more practical to Malayan houses as they are naturally cool in the Malaysian heat. shake up structures are the longest durable building material available, and are usually readily available. There is a simple rule to follow on building a solid rock wall durable and well cavitys must be used. Rock is a very dense material so it gives a lot of protection and mu st be impervious to moisture. Some of the best rocks to be used are those made of ruffianly shale or schist because they have natural flat cleavage planes when split. Its main draw-back as a material is its weight and awkwardness. Itsenergy densityis also considered a big draw-back, as rock is hard to keep warm without using large amounts of heating resources.A house is not complete without a roof. Nowadays, there are many types of cover materials being used to auspices a house. On the other hand, developers must also consider the sloped of roof and geographical location of a house. The most common roofing material use in Malaysia is clay/concrete roof tiles for urban house dwellers and metal shingles for rural houses. Both concrete and clay tiles have longer lifespan, require low maintenance and are resistant to rot and insects. Then again, clay is very heavy and also fragile. For buildings in equatorial regions with warm and humid climate like Malaysia, the roof has been state to be a major source of heat gain. According to the mean value Radiant Temperature (MRT), the principle of earth-base materials provide natural cool also cod to roof whereby although the most expensive, clay roof tiles can keep a house cool in the Malaysia heat as it is proven to have the best thermal performance with respect to MRT. The highly recommended material for contemplative insulator is double-sided aluminium bar which can be used to fill in mass insulation materials due to higher thermal performance. Hybrid cap proved to have the best performance in reducing thermal radiation into the interior space, followed by plaster board and cement board.In order to complete the house, flooring materials are needed. The geological aspect of the house must first be clarified. If the house is located in a moisture area, use flooring material that does not rot and will not absorb water, such as stone, marble and granite, or concrete slabs, whereas in a very cold area, material such a s linoleum is used. Some stone tiles such as polished granite, marble, and travertine are very slippery when wet but they keep mold and modeling away. Some of the softer stone such as limestone tiles are not worthy for very heavy traffic floor areas. As of late as the 1970s, wall-to-wall carpeting was a standard selection for homeowners who were purchasing new flooring. lino was popular in the kitchen, and bathrooms were often covered with inexpensive vinyl tiles. It also used to be that granite and marble surfaces or rougher, more rustic stone materials seen only in vacation cabins or backyard patios. Nowadays, floors of houses are assortments of all these classified materials.Lastly, up until the 1970s, asbestos has been the most popular material for ceiling tiles. It is only recently found that asbestos is unsafe if the material is airborne hence, contaminatedceiling tilesare risky if damaged. Ceiling tiles are lightweight tiles fabricated from perlite, mineral wool, and fibe rs (from recycled paper) are used in the interior of buildings. They are placed on a steel grid and they provide thermal but especially work insulation. Here in Malaysia, it is proven that hybrid ceiling (combination of aluminium foil and rockwool) is able to produce the lowest MRTfollowed by plaster board and cement board.In a nutshell, the acquirement of comprehensive knowledge of the house foundation, materials to use and experts advice is important. These skills are geological knowledge needed in building a perfect house.(1524 words)